All surgeons are not the same and specialization is highly prevalent in America. There are many types of surgeons, with a variety of specialties and levels of training. The education of surgeons ranges from training in many types of procedures, such as general surgery, to highly specialized procedures.
Surgeons can also further specialize within their specific field of expertise. Cardiac surgeons may focus on performing heart bypass surgery, heart valve repairs, transplants or any other heart surgery or they may practice many types of heart surgery.

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In some cases, the specialties of surgeons overlap. A good example of this is spinal surgery, which can be performed by both neurosurgeons and orthopedic surgeons. The neurosurgeon might be more appropriate for surgery on the spine itself, while the orthopedic surgeon could be more appropriate for problems with the bones of the spine.

When booking and paying for a surgery there are many elements that go into the finished price. These elements for a orthopedic knee surgery as an example include:

$4500 – Artificial Knee

$500 – Radiology

$600 – Nurse and or Technician

$2400 – Surgeon

$1200 – Anesthesia

$600 – Medical Supplies

$2500 – Operating Room (Hospital)

$700 – Recovery room

$11000 – Hospital stay (recovery 3.5 nights)

$200 – Braces or crutches

$240,200 – Total Average Cost  – Knee replacement

Colon and Rectal Surgery

General Surgery

Pediatric Surgery

Vascular Surgery

Surgery of the Hand

Neurologic Surgery

Obstetrics and Gynecology

Specialty certification in obstetrics and gynecology includes:

Gynecology Oncology

Maternal Fetal Medicine

Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility

Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery

Ophthalmologic Surgery

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Orthopaedic Surgery

Specialty certification in orthopaedics includes:

Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Surgery of the Hand

Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery

Specialty certification in otolaryngology—head and neck surgery includes:·

Plastic Surgery within the Head and Neck

Plastic Surgery

Surgery of the Hand

Plastic Surgery within the Head and Neck

Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

Urology Surgeon

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And the latest in surgical techniques – laparoscopic minimally invasive surgery.